Managing People Through Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Managing People Through Change - Essay ExampleHowever, employees cannot be expected to perform to the highest warning without competent oversight. Problems such as low employee morale, high turnover rates, and poor performance of job duties can result from inadequate people focusing. People management, which encompasses both formal performance evaluation and compensation strategies and informal leadership practices and techniques, is one of the determine factors in employee morale and the resulting work quality, as well as determining other factors such as workplace loyalty.While there are many approaches to leadership, from Golemans basis of leadership in primal intelligence to Wrens group dynamics view (Goethals and Sorensen, 3), all hold in common that leadership is one of the most basic elements of successful people management. However, people management practices in isolation are not enough to ensure the success of the firm or even of the management practice - the ideals th at are embodied by the people management practice must be embedded in the corporate culture in order for them to be successful.In essence, people management theory argues that if management implements a specified set of employment as well as work practices, it is going to lead to better performance (Boxall and Purcell 47-70). A lot of the practices such as teamwork, redesigned jobs, employee participation, teamwork as well as communication and information sharing - have been shown to improve performance, but not in a consistent mode (Appelbaum et al. 737-775).Although there are various stakeholders in an organization, the chief strategic goal of any business is higher financial performance or maximization of riches for the shareholders (Becker and Huselid, 53-101). Financial performance of an organization depends to a large extent on effective operational performance. The operational performance of an organization is a function of people, regale and technology. 2.0 Qualities of a LeaderA leader influences others by his qualities, viz. confidence, communicative ability, awareness of his impact on others as well as perceptions about the station and his subordinates. The effect of a leaders background experiences, his communication ability, self-awareness, confidence, his perceptions of subordinates, the situation and the self are shown below (Prasad, 2006, p. 264). SOCIAL VALUESECONOMICCONDITIONSLEADERSTRUCTUREFOLLOWERS semipolitical CONSIDERATIONSSource Taken from, Prasad LM, (2006) Organizational Behavior, Fig 26.1 p 287All these factors interact together to determine the leaders ability to influence others.3.0 Leadership Styles in People ManagementA fundamental question that needs to be addressed

The implications of the major determinants of demand and supply to Essay

The implications of the major determinants of demand and supply to domestic house building industry - Essay ExampleThis paper starts with understanding this market. Here we will handle about Porters Five Forces Model and try to understand the kind of customers marketers have in the domestic housing sector. This section would be followed by the discussion on determinants of demand and supply in the housing industry. Once we have understood the market structure and supply-demands we will be discussing various factors wish well economic, social, legal and environmental which affect the industry. This will be followed by the analysis and conclusion.The industry is made up of around 192,404 construction firms, 164,000 of which have slight that 24 employees. Just 56 firms have more than 1,200 employees. (Source Construction Statistics Annual 2002/CITB). 2There are around 192,404 small and big firms. 56 firms have assiduous more than 1200 employees while 28,348 firms have employed 25 or more than 25 multitude and rest 164,000 firms have employed less than 24 people in their organization. Around 500 firms work for overseas contracts also.4 The segment rivalry and exit barriers are high.As it is almost mature industry in Britain, the offspring of suppliers and rivalry among them is high. This gives an added advantage to the constructor to negotiate for the quality and the terms of goods supplied by them. The switching cost from one supplier to another is usually high.Buyers power in the case of houses is limited. There are several reasons for this i.e. increasing demand of house, lesser number of buyers, buyers not connected to each other, lack of information and others.The threat of substitutes is less and within the category. Housing requirements of an individual or family can be very specific leaving no room for many or instant substitutes. It depends upon the quality, price and availability of the house.The consumer behaviour can be divided on the basis of th e type of consumers. They can be divided on the basis of

Macro economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Macro economics - Essay ExampleInflation that comes with recession is normal barely hyper flash is a nightmare.Hyperinflation occurs when inflation is out-of-hand making a currency lose its value while prices soar at an alarming rate ( Sheffrin, 341). Inflation is actually a normal part of an economic cycle which occurs at certain times in a year, but when inflation is not headed towards equilibrium, hyperinflation happens. Among the worlds hit case of inflation, Hungary stands out due to the phenomenal nose-dive of its currency the pengo. This happened to Hungary between the last quarter of 1945 towards July 1946. In order to fully understand the magnitude of this hyperinflation, it must be pointed out that a year before the hyperinflation ( 1944 ), the pengos highest style was only 1,000. A year later, the highest denomination wasalready a staggering 10,000,000 pengo. It meant that one necessarily an awful lot of money to purchase an item due to the low value of currency. This instance did not end the cycle , it even got worse when the pengo reached its highest denomination in 1946 a shocking 100,000,000,000,000,000,000 peng. The rate of the pengo was fluctuating faster than the weather as radio announcements were made daily to adjust its rate. Even when the pengo was replaced by the forint ( untried currency ) in 1946, still the value of the circulating Hungarian amounted to one-thousandth of one US dollar ( Judt 87). In fact, some pictures from old Hungarian newspapers imbibe people sweeping the almost useless banknotes. In contemporary times, this can be compared to the hyperinflation that occurred in Zimbabwe however, the Hungarian incident is more severe as the inflation reached a peak of 1.3 x 11016 percent per month (prices double every 15 hours) according to the report of Zimbabwe Situation in 2008.There are many a(prenominal) reasons why hyperinflation occurs in an economy. Among the prevalent factors are economic depression, aftermath

Ethics in Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ethics in Nursing - Essay ExampleIntroduction ETHICS IN NURSING A nurse should provide care that respect human right and is sensitive to the values, customs and beliefs of all people (S. Barnun, 2008). They should at all clock provide information regarding ethical issues. Nurses should also provide their patients with all the necessary information to enable them have informed consent and have freedom to accept or decline to treatment. The information given to them should be recorded and stored in a confidential manner. Nurses should be sensitive to the importance of social activities in train concern. Ethics in nursing affects all areas of health profession which include direct care of patients, allocation of resources and finances and staff utilization. Nurses need to first treat examine their values systems in order to determine best approach and procedures to use when dealing with a patient with different values. Nurses have the challenge of dealing with patients whose values differ with theirs. Nurses should protect patients rights and interest and they should therefore pull back decisions which are ethical in all manner. Understanding of these ethical regulations enables a nurse to make appropriate decisions in line of duty, given that in their daily work they deal with issues of moral and ethical nature (Beucham, 2008). Nonmaleficence is always con rampred a basic lying-in of all nurses. This involves willingness to cause no harm such as physiological, social and even spiritual to the patient. Through this principle a nurse is able to pass judgment whether the treatment given will lead to more harm or whether it will help the patient. This enables them to decide on the best treatment approach. The treatment offered should not cause excessive pain, should not be expensive and should be convenient. During treatment the nurse is obliged to heavy(p) the patient enough information on consequences, side effects and overall cost of the treatment. The nurse should consider all the potential and benefits of treatment or research and they should work and act carefully, considering the likely risks. This principle carries more weight compared to beneficence as its expected that a nurse should be sure of not doing any harm before he clear be justified to promote clients legitimate interests. The nurse way of defining harm may differ with that of patient or community and hence should beam on many definitions and meaning of harm. Veracity Fromer (2010) argues that this is a moral principle that underlies the thought to confide in and fiduciary relationship. This involves being truthful in intercommunicate the patients in concern to their health needs and this therefore enables them to make a choice and increase their decision making. Veracity is regarded as a key principle to the existence of trust which is fundamental in advancing the relationship between the nurse and the patient. This furthermore makes the data gathering procedur e easier and reduces the likelihood of nurses giving holistic care which do not meet the nursing goals. To determine the amount of information to give to a patient, clinical judgment is required to avoid giving the patient more than necessary information. There is a great challenge in situations where veracity has some implication in attending to patients from backgrounds where he or she is not allowed to know how

Marketing Orientation Essay Example for Free

merchandising Orientation EssayThere have been many studies of the term marketing orientation, and its presence within organisations. Marketing orientation is an approach that companies take which centres its activities towards achieving client satisfaction through impelling marketing. It is where customers form the basis of an organisations implementation and overall success. In order to achieve booming marketing orientation, a lodge must organise an effective structure through planning its activities, products and services prosperedly.This will help the high society on concentrate its aims and objectives on the needs and requirements of its customers, in order to establish a relationship that will increase performance and success. Market orientation is the organisation wide ontogeny of market intelligence pertaining to customer needs. (Kohli and Jaworski, 1990. p12) Two approaches to marketing Orientation have been suggested by Avlonitis and Gounaris (1999), focusin g on the practices and culture that the company adopts. It has been interpreted by Avlonitis and Gounaris (1999) that marketing orientation is either a company attitude or company behaviour. This is whether a company is customer orientated or focuses on a combative advantage through marketing orientation. Other authors have similiar thoughts upon these approaches to marketing orientation. Drucker (1954) believes that customers perceive marketing as an activity involving the entire organisation, kind of than being a precise company process. The authors view coincides with the work of Avlonitis and Gounaris (1999), as he focuses on the attitude organisations have in satisfying customer needs. The some other side to this approach is the significance of a companys culture towards marketing orientated activities.Felton (1959) states It is the attitudes and beliefs of a workforce that control the level of orientated activities a company strives to achieve, implying the focus is on the mselves competing rather than putting the customer first. Trout and Ries (1985) perceive marketing orientation as an effort by companies to increase competitor advantage, rather than satisfy customer needs. Therefore the companys culture is focusing its strategy on competitor orientation in order to achieve success. An organisations performance is a very important aspect of successful marketing orientation.Narver and Slater (1990) state that marketing orientation is based on 3 performance measures, which hold customer and competitor orientation, and inter-functional coordination. Introducing effective performance measures can have positive influences on companies, as it helps the companys culture set aims and objectives for a successful approach to marketing orientation. Jobber (2007) also describes the importance of these measures, stating A marketing concept culture that manifests in corporate activities to create superior value for customers. However, specific marketing activi ties relating to the behaviour of a company have emphasis on managerial control rather than the natural culture of the organisation (Ellis, 2004), which relates to the work of Trout and Ries (1985) and their beliefs of companys influencing the importance of competitor orientation over the satisfaction of their customers. knifelike (1991) argues the approach to marketing orientation as described by Drucker (1954), saying that its more than just about customer focus Market orientation has a principle element of focusing on available markets and customer needs.Sharp criticises this view of orientation, as costs of maintaining customer focus will incur in unstable markets, affecting a companies orientation plan. In order to eternal sleep this procedure, a company needs equal focus in its approach to marketing orientation, which will help achieve success and efficiency. The link between organisational strategical thinking (Sharp, 1991) and managerial control (Ellis, 2004) helps toward s a successful company through competitor orientation. Ellis states that effective performances increase through analysing competitor actions, in order to create a competitor advantage.However, companys still need to be responsive to customer needs due to volatile markets. Overall increases of a companys orientation, resulting from effective customer satisfaction, will then lead to greater performances (Kohli and Jaworski, 1990). The relationship between performance and marketing orientation is analysed negatively to strategic marketing. blurt (2005) considers the external environmental aspects of marketing orientation, emphasising the importance of linking performance and marketing orientation in order to meet the needs of customers.Sin believes that if companies developed their approaches towards linking these two factors, a more in depth examination of customers needs could be undertaken, which would lead to higher performances within the company. Sin agrees with Sharps views, b y describing the inclusion of customer needs as well as company aims and objectives. A strategic way of thinking is described by Sharp, where marketing orientation is described as being the most relevant, as it focuses on company, and not just market characteristics.The analyses of various journal articles relating to marketing orientation has led me to understand the different issues relating to marketing orientation. I agree with Kohli and Jaworski (1990) that a company should balance its orientation between customer focus and its aims and objectives, for effective performances. The authors were very clear and focused on what strategies were effective in approaching marketing orientation. I felt that this analysis helped me understand the best method of adopting marketing orientation and how to effectively respond to customer demands, as well as creating a competitive advantage.Limitations to the analysis were discussions from Felton (1959) and Trout and Ries (1995). The views of these authors concentrated on companies who adopted marketing orientation to create a competitive advantage as its main priority. The context of this article focused totally on businesses success and shadowed the importance of customer orientation, something which I feel is crucial for overall success.

Incumbents and Their Re-election Essay Example for Free

Incumbents and Their Re-election EssayStatistical research suggests that in 1998 a total of 395 Representatives and 26 Senators were reelected (U. S. Census, 2000). Since the middle of the 20th century and up to the present time, the process of re-electing incumbents has turned into angiotensin-converting enzyme of the major policy-making trends. The more incumbents sought to reestablish themselves in political office, the more concerned political scholars became astir(predicate) the causes and factors of such political reward.The current state of political research suggests that a whole set of factors predetermines incumbents continuous political supremacy, with price of admission to media and riotous financial resources world the most important elements of political fight. True, those trying to become the members of political office for the first time often lack sufficient political opportunities, comp atomic number 18d to resources, which incumbents can access and use in their election campaigns.Reelection of incumbents has already turned into the major political trend in the U. S. , and there are several reasons for that. To begin with, incumbents are ofttimes referred to as the perks of Office in other words, only congress members are go forthn enough material and nonmaterial resources to hire professional staff, whose primary responsibility is to turn their Congress employers into well-represented, widely recognized and well-liked political figures (McKay 140).For example, incumbents can send postage-free letters to their constituents, and can use these as a part of their promotional political campaigns (McKay 140). These are just some out of more benefits which Congress members are being granted by the state. Time is just another comp adeptnt of incumbents success in Congress. It should be noted, that Congress is incumbents full-time job, and meeting voters, resolving local issues, and participating in public events and television shows are what they are being paid for.It appears that for many potential candidates to run for office and to try to combat an existing Congress member would mean to face the lack of media and financial resources, which for the current Congress members are available on a regular basis (McKay 147). Certainly, all these benefits would be irrelevant and unimportant if not for the image promotion and visibility of all Congress members. It is difficult to deny the fact that sitting members of Congress are almost universally recognized in their districts (Cusdi).This visibility is the direct result of ones running for office, and after having served two or more years for Congress, its members become widely recognized and accepted among their constituents and voters are more likely to give their vote to those whom they already know for their Congressional achievements than those, who just start their political career. It should also be noted, that such political visibility is directly associat ed with incumbents ability to organise their promotional campaigns.Having won at least one election campaign, an incumbent is more prepared to face the major political and organizational challenges than his (her) political opponents (McKay 152). Finally, these are financial resources that predetermine incumbents political successes. McKay writes that for both senators and representatives, money has become a crucial resource in congressional elections. With voters acting in response to the bring up of individual candidates rather than to parties, both incumbents and challengers must ensure that the voters know who they are and what their record is (169).It appears that in terms of money, incumbents also have significant comparative advantage over political outsiders. Average financial resources available to incumbents are 2-3 times higher than those available to challengers, which makes it impossible for the latter to develop well-grounded media campaigns. For example, in 2002 many Republican incumbents took advantage of fundraising visits by President Bush during the 2002 election cycle (Smith, Roberts Wielen 74). As a result, incumbents have much more chances to win elections for the second time, and get out hardly give their position away to political outsiders.Conclusion A whole set of advantages works to provide incumbents with an opportunity to be reelected. Time, visibility, access to media, and excessive financial resources all these factors make incumbents less vulnerable to political changes and give them a kind of comparative advantage over political challengers. On the one hand, these advantages seem to make elections unfair, but on the other hand, political outsiders have to develop convincing argumentation that would persuade constituents to change their political commitments, and to give a political beginner a unique chance to run for office.

History of Non Profit Horse Rescue Essay Example for Free

History of Non Profit Horse Rescue EssayAt present, there are plentiful of non good organizations for horse redeem and entirely of them share the same goals and objectives. These organizations main goal and mission is to provide hand over, rehabilitation, foster care, and conduct a positive environment for those horses and equines that have either been abandoned, abused, unwanted, mistreated, neglected, tortured, retired, or are at risk of going to slaughter. Each non profit organization for horse rescue has its own history.Before long, horses and equines were used for transportation. In 1950s when motorized vehicles were becoming more practical and affordable, horses were replaced as means of transportation by these lower maintenance and faster vehicles. Because of this, many horses were abandoned and neglected and were being sent to slaughter. Thus in 1952, a non profit horse rescue organization called HorseWorld was established to exit care of the many working horses w hose jobs were taken away and replaced by the motorized vehicles (HorseWorld, 2008).May wild horses or mustangs or more accurately termed as uncivilized horses freely roam on public lands in several states of America like Arizona, California, Idaho, and Wyoming. But the numbers of mustangs were declining as time passes. Mustangs are horses whose ancestors were domestic horses that counterbalance arrived in America with Christopher Columbus on his voyage in 1493 (Lifesavers Inc. , 1997).Many of these domestic horses were freed or escaped from early explorers, native tribes, etc. to become free-roaming horses all across America. In order to protect and rescue these horses, the Wild Free-roaming Horse and Burro Act was passed by Congress in 1971 and many non profit horse rescue organizations have come out to protect, manage, and control wild free-roaming horses on public lands.One of these organizations is the Lifesavers Wild Horse Rescue. There are many other non profit organization s that protect and rescue not only horses but also dogs and cats from dangerous situations. The important thing is that these organizations give a chance for these animals to have a fail life. This reflects how these animal rescue organizations give value to the rights of animals to safety and just treatment.